"pork" meaning in Middle English

See pork in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /pɔrk/, /pɔːrk/ Forms: porkes [plural], porc [alternative], porke [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French porc (“pig”), from Latin porcus; compare farowen. First attested in c. 1300. Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:bor|fro:porc}} [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "piglet", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "dig", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*perḱ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pórḱos", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*porkos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "porcus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "porc", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "pork", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" }" data-lang="enm" data-title="pork">, {{bor+|enm|fro|porc|t=pig}} Borrowed from Old French porc (“pig”), {{der|enm|la|porcus}} Latin porcus, {{etydate|c|1300}} First attested in c. 1300 Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} pork, {{enm-noun|porkes}} pork (plural porkes)
  1. pork (pig meat)
    Sense id: en-pork-enm-noun-aOryIwCa Categories (other): Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Meats Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 50 50 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Meats: 83 17
  2. swine, pig
    Sense id: en-pork-enm-noun-8DzfTo1J Categories (other): Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 50 50 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Livestock Disambiguation of Livestock: 0 0
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "Livestock",
      "orig": "enm:Livestock",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "pork"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "pork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "purk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "pork"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "pork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "purk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "porc"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "pork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "purk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "porck"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "fro:porc"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"piglet\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"dig\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*perḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pórḱos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*porkos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"porcus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"porc\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pork\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"pork\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "porc",
        "t": "pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French porc (“pig”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "porcus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin porcus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "1300"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in c. 1300",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French porc (“pig”), from Latin porcus; compare farowen. First attested in c. 1300.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "porkes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "porc",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "porke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pork",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "porkes"
      },
      "expansion": "pork (plural porkes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Meats",
          "orig": "enm:Meats",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pork (pig meat)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pork-enm-noun-aOryIwCa",
      "links": [
        [
          "pork",
          "pork#English"
        ],
        [
          "pig",
          "pig#English"
        ],
        [
          "meat",
          "meat#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swine, pig"
      ],
      "id": "en-pork-enm-noun-8DzfTo1J",
      "links": [
        [
          "swine",
          "swine"
        ],
        [
          "pig",
          "pig"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɔrk/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɔːrk/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pork"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *perḱ- (dig)",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pórḱos",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "enm:Livestock",
    "enm:Meats"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "pork"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "pork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "purk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "pork"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "pork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "purk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "porc"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "pork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "purk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "porck"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "fro:porc"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"piglet\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"dig\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*perḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pórḱos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*porkos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"porcus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"porc\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pork\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"pork\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "porc",
        "t": "pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French porc (“pig”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "porcus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin porcus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "1300"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in c. 1300",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French porc (“pig”), from Latin porcus; compare farowen. First attested in c. 1300.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "porkes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "porc",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "porke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pork",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "porkes"
      },
      "expansion": "pork (plural porkes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pork (pig meat)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pork",
          "pork#English"
        ],
        [
          "pig",
          "pig#English"
        ],
        [
          "meat",
          "meat#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swine, pig"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swine",
          "swine"
        ],
        [
          "pig",
          "pig"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɔrk/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɔːrk/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pork"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pork meaning in Middle English (4.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.